The Opium Wars

In November the History Discussion Group will examine the Opium Wars, two armed conflicts between China and Western countries in the mid-19th century. The initial conflict, which lasted from 1839-42, was waged between China and Britain. In the second Opium War (fought from 1856-60, and which is also known as the Arrow War), France and Britain joined forces against China. These conflicts resulted in new commercial privileges and legal and territorial concessions in China, marking the weakening and ultimately, toppling, of the Qing Dynasty that was replaced by a republican China.

The History Discussion Group will discuss the factors leading up to these conflicts, their impact on trade and treaties, the loss of sovereignty rights in China, and more.

As always, all are welcome to join. 

Suggested readings:

What Were the Opium Wars

https://lovelivingathome.helpfulvillage.com/documents/1169/download

What Caused the First Opium War

https://lovelivingathome.helpfulvillage.com/documents/1168/download

The Opium Wars Sage Encyclopedia

https://lovelivingathome.helpfulvillage.com/documents/1167/download

The Opium Wars supplemental readings

https://lovelivingathome.helpfulvillage.com/documents/1166/download